CT引导下20G切割式穿刺活检针在胸部病变活检中的临床应用     

陈相猛  柳学国  梁明柱  王国杰  张丽静  秦培鑫  陈凯  何燕丽  丁香莲  易先平 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(4):91-98

目的:探讨CT引导下20G切割式穿刺活检针在胸部病变活检中的临床应用价值,并分析并发症情况。材料和方法:回顾性分析资料完整的72例CT引导下胸部穿刺活检病例,所用的活检器材均为20G切割式穿刺活检针。纵隔病变5例,胸膜病变5例,肺部病变62例。统计穿刺活检诊断准确性,恶性病变诊断敏感性、特异性,分析并发症及其影响因素。结果:穿刺活检病理诊断为恶性病变58例,良性病变8例,非特异性诊断6例,后均经手术切除、临床治疗或随访证实。穿刺活检诊断准确率95.8%(66/72),恶性病变诊断敏感性95.1%(58/61),特异性为100%(11/11),无假阳性病例。6例(8.3%)发生并发症:气胸4例,肺泡出血1例,少量咯血1例。结论:采用20G切割式穿刺活检针进行CT引导下经皮胸部穿刺活检准确率高、并发症少,具有较高的临床价值。  相似文献   

Electoral behaviour behind the gates: partisanship and political participation among Canadian gated community residents     

R. Alan Walks 《Area》2010,42(1):7-24

Gated communities have been characterised as representing processes of 'forting up' and 'civic secession', in which their residents use gating as a strategy for withdrawing from political life and from taking collective responsibility for others. The assumption is that the residents of private gated communities should be less likely to participate in political life, and/or be more likely to support political parties on the right who advocate privatisation, reduced government expenditures and lower taxes. If the act of living in a gated community is associated with either greater support for parties and policies on the right of the political spectrum, or limited political participation, then the growth of such forms of privatised communities has potential implications for the future of urban politics and even for national political systems. However, despite surveys that have dealt with social attitudes 'behind the gates', insufficient attention has been paid to the politics of gated community residents. This paper fills this gap through a comparative analysis of electoral behaviour during the 2006 federal election at the level of the polling station. Electoral participation and partisanship in 27 gated communities in three Canadian metropolitan areas is compared against that of non-gated residents. Regression analysis is conducted in order to determine whether gated community residents differ from their non-gated counterparts in the way they vote and their levels of electoral turnout, after controlling for social composition. The potential implications of this research are then discussed.  相似文献   

大型公园绿地对住宅价格的时空影响效应——以上海市黄兴公园绿地为例   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

石忆邵  张蕊 《地理研究》2010,29(3):510-520

随着居民生活质量的提高和环保意识的增强,居民对环境舒适的支付意愿不断提高。居住环境的价值评估研究受到关注,但对其作用时间和空间影响程度差异的量化研究明显不足。本文以上海市黄兴公园绿地为例,综合运用市场比较法、特征定价法和多元回归分析等方法,并引入加权距离,从时间和空间两个层面分析黄兴公园绿地对周边住宅价格的影响效应,结果表明:黄兴公园绿地所带来的住宅价格增值效应既具有时间上的差异性,又与加权距离存在着显著的二次函数关系,随着距离增加其增值幅度呈下降趋势;其影响效应与加权距离存在着显著的三次函数关系,最大影响半径为1.59km,最强影响区位为0.29km。  相似文献   

中国中西部发展中城市的增长极作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柯善咨 《地理研究》2010,29(3):521-534

为了分析增长极在中部崛起和西部开发中可能发挥的作用,对我国中西部地域相连、经济水平接近的山西、河南、安徽、湖北、湖南、江西、广西、四川、重庆、陕西10个省(直辖市、自治区)的942个市县2000~2007年非农业GDP和就业增长的空间溢出效应进行了检验。模型估计表明,中西部地区各市县非农业经济增长的主要决定因素是自身的投入,同时,中心城市也存在明显的扩散和回流效应。地级市的非农业GDP增长对县级市有扩散效应,意味着城市间经济有一体化趋势,但是地级市的就业增长对县级市有抑制作用;地级城市对相对更不发达的县镇的GDP和就业增长同时具有带动作用;相邻的县级市相互间有较强的促进作用,但是对邻近县镇却有抑制倾向。  相似文献   

西方经济地理学对国家边界及其效应的研究进展   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

王亮  刘卫东 《地理科学进展》2010,29(5)

边界作为特殊的区位,受到地理学者的广泛重视。本文通过回顾西方学者对国家边界及其边界效用的研究进展,阐述其当前主要议题,并提出对未来边界及边界效应研究的启示。西方经济地理学对国家边界的研究集中体现在边界效应上。主要经历了以下3个发展阶段:传统区位论对边界的研究主要关注边界作为两国分割线所起到的屏蔽作用;随着全球贸易的激增,20世纪80年代到90年代中期,学者们用大量的数学模型对边界效应及其屏蔽程度进行了深入探讨;近年来,随着全球化进程的深入和区域经济一体化的进展,引起了学者们对一体化和边界效应转化的深入争论。全球化进程中边界和边界效应研究的3大主要议题也随着研究发展阶段贯穿,集中在对边界效应强度的分析,边界地区的一体化效应以及边界效应的转化等方面。根据国外研究进展及我国沿边开放的背景,未来可在边界地区集聚效应、边界地区管治和边界地区合作模式几个方面进行深入研究。  相似文献   

Broadband frequency-dependent amplification of seismic waves across Bucharest, Romania     

Henriette Sudhaus  Joachim Ritter 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):479-497

The determination of seismic amplitude amplification is a fundamental contribution to seismic hazard assessment. While often only high-frequency amplitude variations (>1 Hz) are taken into account, we analyse broadband waveforms from 0.14 to 8.6 Hz using a temporary network of 32 stations in and around the earthquake-prone city of Bucharest. Spectral amplitudes are calculated with an adaptive multiple-taper approach. Across our network (aperture 25 km × 25 km), we find a systematic northwest/southeast-oriented structural influence on teleseismic P-wave amplitudes from 0.14 to 0.86 Hz that can be explained by constructive interference in the dipping Cenozoic sedimentary layers. For higher frequencies (1.4–8.75 Hz), more local site effects prevail and can be correlated partly among neighbouring stations. The transition between systematic and localised amplitude variations occurs at about 1 Hz.  相似文献   

淮南矿区煤中12种微量元素的赋存状态及环境效应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈健  陈萍  刘文中 《煤田地质与勘探》2009,37(6):47-52

为研究淮南矿区煤中微量元素的赋存状态和环境效应,在淮南矿区7个矿井共采集17个样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定了12种微量元素的含量,分别利用聚类分析和因子分析,结合其地球化学性质,讨论了它们的赋存状态,并采用静态燃烧实验研究其挥发性。结果表明:研究的元素没有异常富集;Zn和Cu赋存于闪锌矿中,Cr、Pb和Cd被粘土矿物吸附,Ba可能赋存于铁白云石和方解石中,Ni、Mo、Co和As主要赋存于黄铁矿中,Be和Se以有机结合态存在;研究的元素大多不易挥发,但Zn和Pb易挥发,且含量较高,环境危害较大,Zn和Pb分别赋存于闪锌矿和粘土矿物中,可通过洗选脱除减小其危害。   相似文献   

Characterization of juvenile pyroclasts from the Kos Plateau Tuff (Aegean Arc): insights into the eruptive dynamics of a large rhyolitic eruption     

Caroline Bouvet de Maisonneuve  Olivier Bachmann  Alain Burgisser 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2009,71(6):643-658

Silicic pumices formed during explosive volcanic eruptions are faithful recorders of the state of the magma in the conduit, close to or at the fragmentation level. We have characterized four types of pumices from the non-welded rhyolitic Kos Plateau Tuff, which erupted 161,000 years ago in the East Aegean Arc, Greece. The dominant type of pumice (>90 vol.%) shows highly elongated tubular vesicles. These tube pumices occur throughout the eruption. Less common pumice types include: (1) “frothy” pumice (highly porous with large, sub-rounded vesicles), which form 5–10 vol.% of the coarsest pyroclastic flow deposits, (2) dominantly “microvesicular” and systematically crystal-poor pumices, which are found in early erupted, fine-grained pyroclastic flow units, and are characterized by many small (<50 μm in diameter) vesicles and few mm-sized, irregular voids, (3) grey or banded pumices, indicating the interaction between the rhyolite and a more mafic magma, which are found throughout the eruption sequence and display highly irregular bubble shapes. Except for the grey-banded pumices, all three other types are compositionally identical and were generated synchronously as they are found in the same pyroclastic units. They, therefore, record different conditions in the volcanic conduit leading to variable bubble nucleation, growth and coalescence. A total of 74 pumice samples have been characterized using thin section observation, SEM imagery, porosimetry, and permeametry. We show that the four pumice types have distinct total and connected porosity, tortuosity and permeability. Grey-banded pumices show large variations in petrophysical characteristics as a response to mingling of two different magmas. The microvesicular, crystal-poor, pumices have a bimodal bubble size distribution, interpreted as reflecting an early heterogeneous bubble nucleation event followed by homogeneous bubble nucleation close to fragmentation. Finally, the significant differences in porosity, tortuosity and permeability in compositionally identical tube and frothy pumices are the result of variable shear rates in different parts of the conduit. Differential shear rates may be the result of either: (1) pure shear, inducing a vertical progression from frothy to tube and implying a relatively thick fragmentation zone to produce both types of pumices at the same time or (2) localized simple shear, inducing strongly tubular vesicles along the wall and near-spherical bubbles in the centre of the conduit and not necessarily requiring a thick fragmentation zone.  相似文献   

Local amplification of deep mining induced vibrations Part 1: Experimental evidence for site effects in a coal basin     

L. Driad-Lebeau  N. Lokmane  J.F. Semblat  G. Bonnet 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

The work presented in this paper lies under the scope of a research program aiming to assess the impact of deep coal mining induced vibrations on the surface constructions. The concerned section of the program is dedicated to the study of geological site effects and their influence on the mining induced vibrations for which the experimental investigations have been carried out and developed in this paper (Part 1). The empirical methods based on H/V spectral ratios have been applied on data sets provided from mining induced vibrations recorded within private residences above the deep coalmine as well as complementary measurements of ambient noise. The results evidence an amplified zone in the southern part of the Gardanne basin where drilling data confirmed the presence of particularly fractured and soft stratigraphic units. This joint analysis of induced seismicity and ambient noise enabled to validate the method based on H/V ratios applied to the mining context.  相似文献   

Empirical site-specific response-spectra correction factors for the Gubbio basin (central Italy)     

S. Parolai  F. Cara  D. Bindi  F. Pacor 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

Providing quantitative microzonation results that can be taken into account in urban land-use plans is a challenging task that requires collaborative efforts between the seismological and engineering communities. In this study, starting from the results obtained by extensive geophysical and seismological investigations, we propose and apply an approach to the Gubbio basin (Italy) that can be easily implemented for cases of moderate-to-low ground motion and that takes into account not only simple 1D, but also more complicated 3D effects.  相似文献